a)     i) ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator or (Computer).

->First operational electronic digital computer developed for the US Army by John Eckert and John Mauchly.

ii)    UNIVAC refers to Universal Automatic Calculator or Computer.

-> It was the first commercial available electronic computer

b)     The First Generation. ENIAC and UNIVAC are examples of First generation computers.

c)       i) ED VAC stands for Electrical Discrete Variable Automatic Computer

EDSAC stands for Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator or Computer

a)        The mechanical era and the electronic era.

b)        Some characteristics of the mechanical era are:

>      The Abacus was invented — which is an instrument that was used to perform arithmetic calculations. -

>      Invention of the Napier’s bones in 1617 by John Napier. Hie Napier’s bones was a calculating rod that was used to multiply sizeable numbers.

>      Invention of the Pascal's Arithmetic Machine or the Pascaline by Blaise Pascal in 1642. The Pascaline was used to add and Substract numbers.

NB: the Pascaline was one of the first ever machine that could actually do computing.

> invention of the step Reckoner in 1694 by the German Mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibnitz. — The Step Reckoner was an advanced calculating device which could perform addition and subtraction along with multiplication and division.

>      Introduction of Punched cards by Joseph Jacquard of France is ISOL Punched cards were used by a loom for weaving clothes where it commands the operations of the loom.

NB: the idea of using punched cards to store information was to be used by a number of computers in later years.

c)       The electronic era.

A.PART I: why the Germans resisted the allied for up to 18 months

• German troops had a good mastery of the terrain in Cameroon as Germany had administered Cameroon for 30 years.
• The German troops were united under one commander Zimmermann. Their command was not divided like the allied that had many commanders with divided opinions.
• Some Cameroonian tribes supported the Germans. E.g Ewondo and Fulbe. This added to German war effort to allied disadvantage.
• The Germans had external support from the people of Spanish-Guinea and Fernando-po. This p[people smuggled arms or weapons from their countries and supplied to the Germans in Cameroon.
• The influence of von Raben who was able to defend the German fort at mora, helping to delay a fierce victory by Britain and France.

B.PART II: Reasons for the subsequent defeat of the Germans by Allied OR reasons for Allied victory in World War I

• The fall of Douala to allied forces contributed to German defeat with the loss of Douala, the Germans were deprived of the military supplies from home.
• The allied were supported by some tribes in Cameroon. The Germans had antagonized the Douala and Bakweri people as colonial master. The support of these tribes was instrumental in the liberation of Douala and subsequent German defeat. They acted as carriers, spies.
• The subsequent defeat of the Germans was as a result of Belgian support. Reinforcement from three Belgian Congo in October 1914 as well as Indian army helped to hastened German defeat.
• The Germans were defeated because they were attacked by three major European powers Britain, France and Belgium.
• The three front attacks on Yaounde and the capture of that commercial center deprived the Germans of a lot of resources and Ewondo support.
• The allied powers soon learn from their initial mistakes. The allies decision to combine their forces together by forming the West African Expeditionary force (WAEF) under chances Dobell worked the subsequent default of the Germans.

CONCLUSION
Briefly state some effects of World War I.

A.PART I: Evidence to show that the Fulani Jihad in north Cameroon was barbaric in nature (negative effects)

• Firstly, the Fulani used of poisonous arrows transformed the Jihad into a barbaric war. The resultant effects were great loss of lives.
• Again, the transformation of the Jihad into a slave raiding crusade is another evident to justify that, the Fulani Jihad in north Cameroon was barbaric in nature. In the course of the Jihad many Fulani rather decided to capture some kirdis as slaves and sold into the trans-saharan slave trade. This activity defeated the whole purpose of the Jihad.
• There was much loss of lives coupled with the use of poisonous arrows by the fulanis.
• Huge destruction of kirdi property. In the course of the wars, the Fulani horses caused enormous damages to farm lands and a negative effect on crop production, mindful of the fact that, the Fulani were mostly cattle rearers.
  B.PART II: Some positive aspects or effects of Fulani Jihad in north Cameroon
• The Fulani were able to estäblish their theocratic state in norther Cameroon as they took over the political control of most of the area. This Islamic theocratic state had it's headquarter at Yola.

• The Fulani succeeded in instituting Islam as the dorminant religion in north Cameroon.
• The Fulbe language, the fufulde became the lingua-Franca of north Cameroon. It was the most widely spoken language used.
• Islamic architecture equally became prominent especially with the building of mosques and palaces. This new system of construction led to urbanization in maroua, Garoua, Ngaoundere and others.
• Koranic education was introduced with the spread of Islam; there was an influence of mallams from northern Nigeria to northern Cameroon to expand to expand koranic literature, law and medicine.
• The Jihads resulted in the transfer of political power from the kirdis to the fulbe who became the new political masters. Fulbe domination is still very strong in north Cameroon even today.

CONCLUSION
Summary of the main issue raised.